Tag Archives: spatial pattern analysis
Supplementary Spatial Statistics Now Available for Download
There is a new sample script toolbox called Supplementary Spatial Statistics ready for download from the Model and Script Tool Gallery. The toolbox includes two sample script tools that we think you will find very useful. The first tool is Exploratory Regression, which is designed to help you find a properly specified OLS model from a set of candidate explanatory variables. The second tool is Incremental Spatial Autocorrelation, which is designed to help you figure out the right distance band to use for your spatial statistics analyzes. Each tool includes several documents that will help you get started and learn more.
Supplementary Spatial Statistics Toolbox
We’ve also recently added several new tutorials that can also be downloaded from the Model and Script Tool Gallery. To find those resources, and many more, check out http://bit.ly/spatialstats which is always up-to-date with the latest resources for Spatial Statistics.
Image Classification toolbar introduced at ArcGIS 10
A new toolbar, Image Classification, has been introduced at ArcGIS 10 to make image classification tasks both faster and easier (to use this toolbar, you need the Spatial Analyst extension). Expressed simply, the image classification process converts multiband raster imagery into a single-band raster with a number of classes, which you can then use to make thematic maps or for further analysis. Example applications for image classification include landcover mapping and landuse change detection. Continue reading
Spatial Statistics Resources
The Spatial Statistics toolbox contains statistical tools for analyzing spatial distributions, patterns, processes, and relationships. While there may be similarities between spatial and non-spatial (traditional) statistics in terms of concepts and objectives, spatial statistics are unique in that they were developed specifically for use with geographic data. Unlike traditional non-spatial statistical methods, they incorporate space (proximity, area, connectivity, and/or other spatial relationships) directly into their mathematics.
There are a ton of resources about using and understanding Spatial Statistics, and here on the Spatial Statistics team we want to make sure that everyone knows where to find them. We also want to make sure that everyone knows that if you have ArcGIS, you already have the Spatial Statistics toolbox, as well as the source code for most of the tools in it. The Spatial Statistics tools are not an extension, and with the exception of only 2 tools*, every tool in the toolbox is available at all license levels!
We’ve created a shortcut link to the blog that is easy to remember: http://esriurl.com/spatialstats. If you have any questions, there is now a Spatial Statistics Forum on the Resource Center. It’s a great place to post your spatial stats questions so that everyone can benefit from the responses!
Last update: March 6th, 2013
Spatial Pattern Analysis: Mapping Trends and Clusters
These tools can help you summarize and evaluate geographic distributions, identify statistically significant spatial outliers and clusters (hot spots), and assess broad geographic patterns and trends over time. These resources will help you find patterns and relationships in your data, facilitating discussion, contributing to research, and informing decision making.
Short Videos:
- Performing Proper Density Analysis
- Hot Spot Analysis Part 1
- Hot Spot Analysis Part 2
- Hot Spot Analysis Part 3
- Spatial Distribution of Piracy
- Spatial Pattern Analysis of Dengue Fever
Tutorials/Training
- Virtual Campus Training Seminar: Introduction to Spatial Pattern Analysis
- Esri User Conference Technical Workshop: Spatial Statistics Best Practices
- This workshop walks through a real analysis from start to finish, from the gotchas of doing a hot spot analysis to the valuable new exploratory regression tool that helps you explore your data and find a properly specified model.
- Spatial Pattern Analysis in ArcGIS 10 Tutorial
- Hot Spot Analysis Tutorials:
- Hot Spot Analysis Tutorial for ArcGIS 10.1 (New and Improved!)
- Hot Spot Analysis Tutorial for ArcGIS 10.0 (New and Improved!)
- Spatial Statistics ModelBuilder Tutorial for ArcGIS 10
Model and Script Tools
- Supplementary Spatial Statistics Toolbox for ArcGIS 10, currently includes:
- Exploratory Regression
- Incremental Spatial Autocorrelation
- Hot Spot Analysis – Case Study
Presentations
- Spatial Pattern Analysis from the 2011 User Conference
- Spatial Statistics: Best Practices from the 2011 User Conference
Online Documentation
- How Spatial Autocorrelation (Global Moran’s I) Works
- How Hot Spot Analysis Works
- Picking the Right Conceptualization of Spatial Relationships
- What is a z-score? What is a p-value?
Articles and Blogs
Modeling Spatial Relationships Using Regression Analysis
Regression analysis helps you examine, model, and explore data relationships. Ultimately, regression analysis helps you answer “why?” questions: “Why do we see so much disease in particular areas?”, “What are the factors that contribute to consistently high childhood obesity rates?”, and “Why are screening rates so low in particular regions of the country?”. Regression analysis also allows you to predict spatial outcomes for other places or other time periods: “How will improvements to road conditions impact traffic fatalities?” or “How will projected population growth affect the demand for health services?”. These resources will help you learn about basic regression analysis concepts and workflows as they relate to the analysis of geographic data. Learn how to build a properly specified OLS model, interpret regression results and diagnostics, and potentially use the results of regression analysis to design targeted interventions.
- Beyond Where: Using Regression Analysis to Explore Why (New!)
- Virtual Campus Training Seminar: Regression Analysis Basics
- Esri User Conference Technical Workshop: Spatial Statistics Best Practices
- This workshop walks through a real analysis from start to finish,
from the gotchas of doing a hot spot analysis to the valuable new
exploratory regression tool that helps you explore your data and find a
properly specified model.
- This workshop walks through a real analysis from start to finish,
- Regression Analysis Tutorials:
Model and Script Tools
- Supplementary Spatial Statistics Toolbox for ArcGIS 10, currently includes:
- Exploratory
Regression - Incremental Spatial Autocorrelation
- Exploratory
Presentations
- Modeling Spatial Relationships using Regression Analysis from the 2011 User Conference
- Spatial Statistics: Best Practices from the 2011 User Conference
Online Documentation
Articles and Blogs
- Finding a Meaningful Model
- Disease Analysis
- Real Estate Analysis
- Answering WHY Questions
- Tips and Tricks for Finding a Good Model using OLS and GWR
General Resources for Spatial Statistics Users
Presentations
Model and Script Tools
Articles and Blogs
- Background Geoprocessing and Spatial Statistics
- New Chapter in the Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis
- Understanding Spatial Statistics and Geostatistics
Books
- Mitchell, Andy. The ESRI Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 2 . ESRI Press, 2005.
- Fotheringham, Stewart A., Chris Brunsdon, and Martin Charlton. Geographically Weighted Regression: the analysis of spatially varying relationships. John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
*Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) requires either an ArcInfo License OR the Spatial Analyst Extension OR the Geostatistical Analyst Extension
*Generate Network Spatial Weights requires the Network Analyst Extension
Spatial Statistics: What’s so HOT about Spatial Pattern Analysis?
This blog post was written by Lauren Scott, Geoprocessing/Spatial Statistics Product Engineer in the Software Products Group at ESRI in Redlands.
Hot Spot Analysis is just one of the pattern analysis tools in the Spatial Statistics Toolbox.You can use these tools to explore spatial patterns in order to answer questions like:
- Where are crime rates unexpectedly high?
- Are there regions in the country where people live longer
- Where do we find anomalous spending patterns?
- Are there sharp boundaries between affluence and poverty?
- Is the disease remaining geographically fixed or is it spreading?
- Which features are most concentrated?
- Does the spatial pattern of the virus mirror the spatial pattern of the population at risk?
- Which site is most accessible?
- Where is the population center?
- Which species has the broadest territory?
To learn more about spatial pattern analysis, check out some of these resources:
- The ESRI Guide to GIS Analysis, Volume 2
- Understanding Spatial Statistics in ArcGIS 9, a free one-hour Web seminar
- The Spatial Statistics Toolbox online documentation
- View a five-minute video showing a hot-spot analysis of 911 emergency call data (click on “Using Spatial Statistics Tools”)
- Download a hot-spot analysis model from the Geoprocessing Resource Center.
- Extend Crime Analysis with ArcGIS Spatial Statistics Tools , Spatial Statistics Provide New Insights, or Spatial Patterns of Disease Inspire New Ideas on Possible Causes in ArcUser Online
- Spatial Pattern Analysis concepts are discussed in the ArcGIS 9.3 Web help and include Modeling Spatial Relations, What is a Z Score? What is a P value?, and Spatial Weights.
- Technical workshop slides are available from the ESRI Public Health and Homeland Security Conferences.
Have fun!
